Formulas transform Excel from a static grid into a living calculator that updates automatically as your data changes. Type numbers into cells and they just sit there. Write formulas that reference those cells and suddenly you have a system that responds intelligently to any update. This responsiveness is why Excel dominates spreadsheet work it’s not just storage, it’s active calculation.

Every formula starts with an equals sign. This tells Excel you’re entering a calculation, not plain text or numbers. Without the equals sign, Excel treats whatever you type as text. Type 2+2 into a cell and Excel shows exactly that: the text “2+2”. Type =2+2 and Excel calculates it, displaying 4. That equals sign is the trigger for Excel’s calculation engine.

Formulas can be as simple as adding two numbers or as complex as nested functions with multiple conditions. This article covers the basics: arithmetic operators, how to reference cells, and simple calculations. These building blocks underpin everything more advanced you’ll learn later. Get comfortable with basic formulas and you’ve unlocked Excel’s true power.

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It is said that there are only two types of people in the world: those who have never lost Excel data and those who read this article to learn how to recover Excel file.

We will show you how to recover Excel file in different scenarios—from unsaved workbooks to corrupted files, with step-by-step instructions for every situation.

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The square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number. In mathematical notation, the square root of a number “x” is represented as √x. For example, the square root of 16 is 4 because 4 multiplied by 4 equals 16.

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Linear regression is a statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable (often denoted as “Y”) and one or more independent variables (often denoted as “X”). The primary goal of linear regression is to find the best-fitting linear equation that describes this relationship.

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The VBA MsgBox function is used to display a message box with a specified message and various options, such as buttons and icons. This function is often used to provide information to the user or to prompt them for input.

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Excel array formulas are powerful tools that allow you to perform complex calculations and analyses on ranges of data. They can manipulate data, extract specific information, and make advanced calculations. Here’s a guide to understanding and using array formulas in Excel.

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Extrapolation is the process of estimating values beyond the range of available data. In Excel, extrapolation can be done using various methods, including linear regression, exponential regression, and polynomial regression. We will discuss how to extrapolate in Excel using these methods.

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